SPEAKERS
Francesco Bracci
The main source of interest in his work is to generate new interrelations in the spaces, by implement structures that propitiate a direct dialog with the public.
Most of these projects works as modular prototypes that are constructed from a conscious study of the climatological conditions of the site and the sociocultural context in which they are located.
The starting point in his proposal is the unlimited possibility that exists in waste material, for three fundamental reasons: the low or non-existent cost, the facility to access this resources and the evident-current need not to use as far as possible raw or virgin materials.
His research process explores different levels and scales:
1. The production of urban prototypes located in public spaces, usually in areas with high pedestrian traffic, also proposals for festivals of massive assistance, like FIA (Internacional art Festival in Costa Rica: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015), Valoarte (2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013).
2. Participation in conferences and exhibits ( gallery, museums) to show the processes involved in the construction of the prototypes: Latin-American biennial of design ( Madrid, Spain , Prize in the category of design), TEDX, Students' meeting of Architecture (Ecuador), Photography contest : professions of the world ( Paris, France, Prize: finalist), Museum ExTeresa Arte Actual ( México DF), Biennial show of Visual Arts Central America.
3. Creation of Interactive Platforms: Models of Interaction for the scenic arts, joint production and creation of Taxi Colectivo (visual arts - scenic arts).
"Enriching public space : the art of recycling"
The idea of the presentation is to show how through the use of material considered ¨waste¨ is possible to activate public spaces and obtain new social dynamics.
With this purpose, he will expose the development of several projects, he had produced in the urban space during the last 10 years. This will be done in a chronological form so we can understand better the links between one project and the other and which have been the learnings obtanined from these experiences.
The main source of interest in his work is to generate new interrelations in the spaces, by implement structures that propitiate a direct dialog with the public.
Most of these projects works as modular prototypes that are constructed from a conscious study of the climatological conditions of the site and the sociocultural context in which they are located.
The starting point in his proposal is the unlimited possibility that exists in waste material, for three fundamental reasons: the low or non-existent cost, the facility to access this resources and the evident-current need not to use as far as possible raw or virgin materials.
His research process explores different levels and scales:
1. The production of urban prototypes located in public spaces, usually in areas with high pedestrian traffic, also proposals for festivals of massive assistance, like FIA (Internacional art Festival in Costa Rica: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015), Valoarte (2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013).
2. Participation in conferences and exhibits ( gallery, museums) to show the processes involved in the construction of the prototypes: Latin-American biennial of design ( Madrid, Spain , Prize in the category of design), TEDX, Students' meeting of Architecture (Ecuador), Photography contest : professions of the world ( Paris, France, Prize: finalist), Museum ExTeresa Arte Actual ( México DF), Biennial show of Visual Arts Central America.
3. Creation of Interactive Platforms: Models of Interaction for the scenic arts, joint production and creation of Taxi Colectivo (visual arts - scenic arts).
"Enriching public space : the art of recycling"
The idea of the presentation is to show how through the use of material considered ¨waste¨ is possible to activate public spaces and obtain new social dynamics.
With this purpose, he will expose the development of several projects, he had produced in the urban space during the last 10 years. This will be done in a chronological form so we can understand better the links between one project and the other and which have been the learnings obtanined from these experiences.
Gérald Emile Brun M Arch. (Aby), Architecte Urbaniste
Gérald Emile Brun (Aby), architect town planner, has nearly forty years of experience in the sector of Construction and Planning. He graduated from Columbia University with a BS in Electrical Engineering electrical ('71) and a Masters in Architecture ('75). Vice-president of TECINA S.A., CEO of NABATEC S.A., President of the Haitian Association of Architects and Town Planners (ASSHAU), Mr. Brun is the current President of the CNIAH.
In Haiti, there is no town, village, district without its public square, formally planned and integrated within the urban, classical, colonial frame, or an interstitial space, claimed by others and finished by local or national authorities. Public space is perceived and lived as a public good without control, which can be appropriated by each individual, without reaction of the authorities, at the discretion of his resourcefulness. Politicians often research the development or rehabilitation of a public square as promotional showcase of their willingness to address the needs of the urban population. Haiti 2014 is no exception. A modern response to a real need will be illustrated.
Gérald Emile Brun (Aby), architect town planner, has nearly forty years of experience in the sector of Construction and Planning. He graduated from Columbia University with a BS in Electrical Engineering electrical ('71) and a Masters in Architecture ('75). Vice-president of TECINA S.A., CEO of NABATEC S.A., President of the Haitian Association of Architects and Town Planners (ASSHAU), Mr. Brun is the current President of the CNIAH.
In Haiti, there is no town, village, district without its public square, formally planned and integrated within the urban, classical, colonial frame, or an interstitial space, claimed by others and finished by local or national authorities. Public space is perceived and lived as a public good without control, which can be appropriated by each individual, without reaction of the authorities, at the discretion of his resourcefulness. Politicians often research the development or rehabilitation of a public square as promotional showcase of their willingness to address the needs of the urban population. Haiti 2014 is no exception. A modern response to a real need will be illustrated.
Jérôme Chenal
Dr Jerome Chenal Ph.D is an architect and town planner. He is director of the “ Comunauté d’Etude en Amenagement du Territoire” –CEAT (Community Studying Town Planning) at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). His research questions the relationships between spatial transformations and social mutations, between architecture and lifestyles, between urban planning and practices in the streets. His research are done throughout the world, focusing on large African metropoles where he develops new methodological tools for urban research, using photography in particular.
Mutations and Innovations in Public Space : regeneration of interstitial space, an alternative to urban sprawl
In his presentation, M. Chenal will question recent mutations occurring in public spaces of large metropoles. In order to do so, he will question both street customs and urban forms. Starting with users and practices, the discussion will focus on the possibilities for public space to create urbanity in a dense space. The current injunction to densification of cities around the world must be questioned at the level of public space, the only guarantee for a quality of life. In order to illustrate this, examples will be taken principally from Africa and Asia, but also from Europe and America.
Dr Jerome Chenal Ph.D is an architect and town planner. He is director of the “ Comunauté d’Etude en Amenagement du Territoire” –CEAT (Community Studying Town Planning) at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). His research questions the relationships between spatial transformations and social mutations, between architecture and lifestyles, between urban planning and practices in the streets. His research are done throughout the world, focusing on large African metropoles where he develops new methodological tools for urban research, using photography in particular.
Mutations and Innovations in Public Space : regeneration of interstitial space, an alternative to urban sprawl
In his presentation, M. Chenal will question recent mutations occurring in public spaces of large metropoles. In order to do so, he will question both street customs and urban forms. Starting with users and practices, the discussion will focus on the possibilities for public space to create urbanity in a dense space. The current injunction to densification of cities around the world must be questioned at the level of public space, the only guarantee for a quality of life. In order to illustrate this, examples will be taken principally from Africa and Asia, but also from Europe and America.
Christine Audain Chenet, Landscape Architect
Christine Audain Chenet graduated from the University of Louisiana (1991) and creates her own landscape company Tropiscape in 1995. Besides multiple private projects, Tropiscape creates landscapes for tourist centers (1998-2005), such as Kaliko Beach Club in Archaie, Hôtel Villa Créole, Servhotel, Villa Thérèse and the gardens of Hôtel Karibe et Centre de Convention in Port-au-Prince and Pétion Ville. Tropiscape creates as well the touristic path of Barriere Batan, at the Citadelle Henri Christophe, in Cap Haitien. However, one of its most important projects, on which the company is concentrating on since 2011, is the landscape development of the Parc de Martissant, in the proximity of Port-aux Prince
Concepts and lessons learned from the Parc de Martissant
The Parc of Martissant is a public space compose of 4 properties, regrouped to form an area of 17 hectares approximately, including a Memorial to the victims of January 12 2010, a botanic and medicinal parc and a cultural, educational and recreational center. Its history, philosophy, progression in time and the major axis which have guided the designers and actors of the Parc de Martissant since 2001 will be presented from the point of view of a landscape architect.
Tropiscape’s philosophy is to use indigenous tropical species. This led to the choice of the company name (Tropical and Scape for landscape). Tropiscape concentrates on the indigenous palette of available species. This way, maintenance is considerably reduced, such as water consumption, biodegradable products or sizes of species.
Christine Audain Chenet graduated from the University of Louisiana (1991) and creates her own landscape company Tropiscape in 1995. Besides multiple private projects, Tropiscape creates landscapes for tourist centers (1998-2005), such as Kaliko Beach Club in Archaie, Hôtel Villa Créole, Servhotel, Villa Thérèse and the gardens of Hôtel Karibe et Centre de Convention in Port-au-Prince and Pétion Ville. Tropiscape creates as well the touristic path of Barriere Batan, at the Citadelle Henri Christophe, in Cap Haitien. However, one of its most important projects, on which the company is concentrating on since 2011, is the landscape development of the Parc de Martissant, in the proximity of Port-aux Prince
Concepts and lessons learned from the Parc de Martissant
The Parc of Martissant is a public space compose of 4 properties, regrouped to form an area of 17 hectares approximately, including a Memorial to the victims of January 12 2010, a botanic and medicinal parc and a cultural, educational and recreational center. Its history, philosophy, progression in time and the major axis which have guided the designers and actors of the Parc de Martissant since 2001 will be presented from the point of view of a landscape architect.
Tropiscape’s philosophy is to use indigenous tropical species. This led to the choice of the company name (Tropical and Scape for landscape). Tropiscape concentrates on the indigenous palette of available species. This way, maintenance is considerably reduced, such as water consumption, biodegradable products or sizes of species.
Prof. Gonzalo Lizarralde, architect & urban planner
Gonzalo Lizarralde is Professor at the School of Architecture at the University of Montreal. He was also teaching at McGill University (Canada), the University of Cape Town (South Africa) and Javeriana and Nacional del Valle universities (Colombia). Mr. Lizarralde obtained a postdoctoral fellowship from the
National Research Foundation of South Africa. He also obtained grants from the research Council for research in the social sciences of Canada, from the International Development Research Centre, from the Quebec Research Fund on Society and Culture (FQRSC) and from the Government of Canada. His research interests include: the installation and management of development projects, of habitat in the developing countries and the sustainable reconstruction process following natural disasters. Mr. Lizarralde is a founding member of the i-Rec international network (information and research for reconstruction). He is director of IF Research Group - grif from the University of Montreal. The grif studies the processes involved in the development of planning projects. He is also responsible for the University Observatory on vulnerability, resilience and sustainable reconstruction (sustainable work), funded by FQRSC. Mr. Lizarralde is the author of "The Invisible Houses. Rethinking and Designing Low-Cost Housing in Developing Countries".
Invisible architecture and its influence of the actors in large urban projects
Large urban projects become more and more the privileged tools used to intervene on the contemporary city. However, a large number of complex processes are necessary to develop these urban projects. Though they implicate all stakeholders during the phases of execution, they become invisible once the project is completed. Little traces remains and few people will know them.
In this presentation, Prof. Lizarralde outlines the key issues in the governance of main stakes of urban projects and compares characteristics of this governance in the cortexes of developing countries and developed countries. By underlining the key elements of power, participation and responsibilities of actors in urban projects of developing countries, the conclusions can be of use to the process of reconstruction in Haiti.
Gonzalo Lizarralde is Professor at the School of Architecture at the University of Montreal. He was also teaching at McGill University (Canada), the University of Cape Town (South Africa) and Javeriana and Nacional del Valle universities (Colombia). Mr. Lizarralde obtained a postdoctoral fellowship from the
National Research Foundation of South Africa. He also obtained grants from the research Council for research in the social sciences of Canada, from the International Development Research Centre, from the Quebec Research Fund on Society and Culture (FQRSC) and from the Government of Canada. His research interests include: the installation and management of development projects, of habitat in the developing countries and the sustainable reconstruction process following natural disasters. Mr. Lizarralde is a founding member of the i-Rec international network (information and research for reconstruction). He is director of IF Research Group - grif from the University of Montreal. The grif studies the processes involved in the development of planning projects. He is also responsible for the University Observatory on vulnerability, resilience and sustainable reconstruction (sustainable work), funded by FQRSC. Mr. Lizarralde is the author of "The Invisible Houses. Rethinking and Designing Low-Cost Housing in Developing Countries".
Invisible architecture and its influence of the actors in large urban projects
Large urban projects become more and more the privileged tools used to intervene on the contemporary city. However, a large number of complex processes are necessary to develop these urban projects. Though they implicate all stakeholders during the phases of execution, they become invisible once the project is completed. Little traces remains and few people will know them.
In this presentation, Prof. Lizarralde outlines the key issues in the governance of main stakes of urban projects and compares characteristics of this governance in the cortexes of developing countries and developed countries. By underlining the key elements of power, participation and responsibilities of actors in urban projects of developing countries, the conclusions can be of use to the process of reconstruction in Haiti.
Garry Lhérisson, architect & urban planner
Gary Lherisson is an architect (Faculty of Sciences/State University of Haiti, 1982) and holds a degree in depth studies/DEA from the Institute of Geography of Aix en Provence (Aix-Marseille II, 1987). He has 27 years of professional practice in urban planning, which includes 13 years at the Planning Service of the Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications. He has also been consultant to the Ministry of Environment and Tourism. For the past 5 years he is Professor at the Faculty of Sciences. He has an in depth knowledge of Haiti’s main cities and of the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince, in particular.
Public squares in Haïti, Functions and Evolution (Bicentenaire, Champs de Mars)
Public squares are an integral part of Haitian cities since their creation during the colonial period. They have evolved with time, due to their spatial mutations and socioeconomic functions. One after the other, public sites like traditional government squares or Military squares, are set aside from the new urban realities and are transforming themselves. They function now as markets, sports grounds, transportation stations and square, all at the same time.
Gary Lherisson is an architect (Faculty of Sciences/State University of Haiti, 1982) and holds a degree in depth studies/DEA from the Institute of Geography of Aix en Provence (Aix-Marseille II, 1987). He has 27 years of professional practice in urban planning, which includes 13 years at the Planning Service of the Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications. He has also been consultant to the Ministry of Environment and Tourism. For the past 5 years he is Professor at the Faculty of Sciences. He has an in depth knowledge of Haiti’s main cities and of the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince, in particular.
Public squares in Haïti, Functions and Evolution (Bicentenaire, Champs de Mars)
Public squares are an integral part of Haitian cities since their creation during the colonial period. They have evolved with time, due to their spatial mutations and socioeconomic functions. One after the other, public sites like traditional government squares or Military squares, are set aside from the new urban realities and are transforming themselves. They function now as markets, sports grounds, transportation stations and square, all at the same time.
Roselyn Mompoint, architect, Jean René Lafontant, architect and Ginette P. Mathurin, engineer Following the earthquake of January 12, the Swiss Cooperation (DDC) chose as task to give support to the Ministry of Education and Professional Training (MNEFP), through its Program of Support to the
Reconstruction of School infrastructures PARIS, in order to rebuild, differently, public schools in the country. It played a key role in the gathering of all sectorial parties (PTF, NGO) and in synergizing with the public Sector (MENFP, Ministry of Public Works and Telecommunications-MTPTC, MSPP) in order to produce typical school plans, responding to the norms of MENFP and the hurricane and seismic norms of the MTPTC. Today it can count on 12 schools, of which 5 are constructed, 4 under construction and 3 to be built.
The school yard, a public space that should not to be overlooked
The issue of comfortable and resistant modular school construction in Haiti, at the center of the debate initiated by DDC’s team for almost 5 years now, has lead the DDC to reflect on the functions of the school yard. This space is viewed by our architects not only as a play area that needs to be programmed by age groups and types of activities considered, but also as a secure space in case of disasters or panic movements. Our young team, will introduce you to the chapter of “the schoolyard, a public space that should not be overlooked”, in order to permit Haitian architects to have a debate on this really neglected, but important space necessary for the physical and mental development of future citizens.
Reconstruction of School infrastructures PARIS, in order to rebuild, differently, public schools in the country. It played a key role in the gathering of all sectorial parties (PTF, NGO) and in synergizing with the public Sector (MENFP, Ministry of Public Works and Telecommunications-MTPTC, MSPP) in order to produce typical school plans, responding to the norms of MENFP and the hurricane and seismic norms of the MTPTC. Today it can count on 12 schools, of which 5 are constructed, 4 under construction and 3 to be built.
The school yard, a public space that should not to be overlooked
The issue of comfortable and resistant modular school construction in Haiti, at the center of the debate initiated by DDC’s team for almost 5 years now, has lead the DDC to reflect on the functions of the school yard. This space is viewed by our architects not only as a play area that needs to be programmed by age groups and types of activities considered, but also as a secure space in case of disasters or panic movements. Our young team, will introduce you to the chapter of “the schoolyard, a public space that should not be overlooked”, in order to permit Haitian architects to have a debate on this really neglected, but important space necessary for the physical and mental development of future citizens.
Mark Raymond
Mark Raymond is a Trinidadian Architect in private practice and a Lecturer in Architecture at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad. He studied at the Architectural Association in London and worked for Norman Foster, Conran and Ulrike Brandi on projects in the UK, France and Germany before returning to Trinidad to establish his own practice. He has been responsible for a wide range of architectural and urban design projects throughout the Caribbean on his own account and in collaboration with others. Mark has authored many published articles and essays on Caribbean architecture, urbanism and landscape architecture and has also lectured and taught at architecture schools regionally and internationally including the Caribbean School of Architecture, Kingston, Jamaica and Yale University in the United States.
Design in Caribbean Urban Spaces
The practice of architecture appears to be increasingly detached from its fundamental connection with the demands of sustainable human existence. It appears that the more effort we expend on our obsessive pre-occupation with the production of complex and sensationalist responses to basic architectural needs, the more banal and ineffective architecture threatens to become. We are distracted from those critical humanist themes which underwrote the modern project and which sought to advance society. Nowhere is this distraction more evident than in the current deterioration, representation and formulation of public space. Perhaps we might identify simpler and more effective means of working, recognise the beauty implicit in the ordinary, and develop strategies that more effectively serve our collective needs and desires.
Mark Raymond is a Trinidadian Architect in private practice and a Lecturer in Architecture at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad. He studied at the Architectural Association in London and worked for Norman Foster, Conran and Ulrike Brandi on projects in the UK, France and Germany before returning to Trinidad to establish his own practice. He has been responsible for a wide range of architectural and urban design projects throughout the Caribbean on his own account and in collaboration with others. Mark has authored many published articles and essays on Caribbean architecture, urbanism and landscape architecture and has also lectured and taught at architecture schools regionally and internationally including the Caribbean School of Architecture, Kingston, Jamaica and Yale University in the United States.
Design in Caribbean Urban Spaces
The practice of architecture appears to be increasingly detached from its fundamental connection with the demands of sustainable human existence. It appears that the more effort we expend on our obsessive pre-occupation with the production of complex and sensationalist responses to basic architectural needs, the more banal and ineffective architecture threatens to become. We are distracted from those critical humanist themes which underwrote the modern project and which sought to advance society. Nowhere is this distraction more evident than in the current deterioration, representation and formulation of public space. Perhaps we might identify simpler and more effective means of working, recognise the beauty implicit in the ordinary, and develop strategies that more effectively serve our collective needs and desires.
Jean Marie Théodat, Géographer, Ph.D
Born in Port-au-Prince in 1961, Jean Marie Théodat completed his secondary studies in Haiti and studies geography at l’Université de Paris Sorbonne, until his graduation and continued with his Ph.D studies on the double insularity induced by the border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic. He taught as Master of Conferences at the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, where he lectured on political, cultural and economic geography from 1998 to 2010. During this time he led his students in field studies in a small village in the Alpes Maritimes Roquesteron, in the context of internships in the field: investigation techniques, maintenance guide, mapping and use of video. Since 2010 he has returned to Haiti to participate in the revival of higher education and research after the devastating earthquake. M. Théodat teaches at the School of Pedagogy of the State University of Haiti (Ecole Normale Supérieure-ENS) in Port-au-Prince.
From Port-au-Prince to LEPOCA
The new limits of Port-au-Prince’s agglomeration reveals an increase of scale which encompasses the neighboring communes from Leogâne to Archaie, passing through La Croix-des-Bouquets. The intent is to apply to a means of measurement, an increase by successive notches, going from the South East to the North West, which closes the cyclical occupation of open lands in the plain, previously dedicated to agriculture.
Born in Port-au-Prince in 1961, Jean Marie Théodat completed his secondary studies in Haiti and studies geography at l’Université de Paris Sorbonne, until his graduation and continued with his Ph.D studies on the double insularity induced by the border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic. He taught as Master of Conferences at the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, where he lectured on political, cultural and economic geography from 1998 to 2010. During this time he led his students in field studies in a small village in the Alpes Maritimes Roquesteron, in the context of internships in the field: investigation techniques, maintenance guide, mapping and use of video. Since 2010 he has returned to Haiti to participate in the revival of higher education and research after the devastating earthquake. M. Théodat teaches at the School of Pedagogy of the State University of Haiti (Ecole Normale Supérieure-ENS) in Port-au-Prince.
From Port-au-Prince to LEPOCA
The new limits of Port-au-Prince’s agglomeration reveals an increase of scale which encompasses the neighboring communes from Leogâne to Archaie, passing through La Croix-des-Bouquets. The intent is to apply to a means of measurement, an increase by successive notches, going from the South East to the North West, which closes the cyclical occupation of open lands in the plain, previously dedicated to agriculture.
Marcos Barinas Uribe, architect and urban planner
Marcos Barinas-Uribe pursued his graduate studies at Catholic University of America and the Southern California Institute of Architecture under a Fulbright Scholarship. Later on, he did postgraduate studies in International Relationships at the National School of Diplomacy in Santo Domingo and a Graduate Diploma on Urban Settlements and Environment from Universidad de Chile.
He functioned as Director of the graduate program in architecture funded by the European Union. He has been a visiting lecturer at architecture schools in Puerto Rico, Venezuela and the United States.
In the Public sector, he was director of Urbanism and Architecture of the National Institute of Housing; Director of Engineering, Architecture and Measurement of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources; and Technical Director of the National Council on Urban Affairs. He gained recognition in the International Urban competition “Compostela 2000: the European City as Model” and won the Gold Medal of The Architectural Biennale in Miami Beach in 2003 in the Landscape Architecture category for the tourist empowerment and management plan of the Cave of Wonders in San Pedro de Macoris. This was followed by the first prize of in the landscape category at the Santo Domingo Architecture Biennale in 2006 and 2008. Recently, he was selected for the exhibition of “ Young Architects of Iboroamercia” in Montevideo, Uruguay.
Marcos Barinas-Uribe is currently the coordinator of the Master’s Program in Sustainable design at Universidad Iberoamericana in Santo Domingo. He is also a Profesor at Pontifica Universidad Católica Madre y Mestra.
Mr. Barinas Uribe’s presentation will be on “Landscape as a protagonist’s narrative of urban resilience”.
Marcos Barinas-Uribe pursued his graduate studies at Catholic University of America and the Southern California Institute of Architecture under a Fulbright Scholarship. Later on, he did postgraduate studies in International Relationships at the National School of Diplomacy in Santo Domingo and a Graduate Diploma on Urban Settlements and Environment from Universidad de Chile.
He functioned as Director of the graduate program in architecture funded by the European Union. He has been a visiting lecturer at architecture schools in Puerto Rico, Venezuela and the United States.
In the Public sector, he was director of Urbanism and Architecture of the National Institute of Housing; Director of Engineering, Architecture and Measurement of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources; and Technical Director of the National Council on Urban Affairs. He gained recognition in the International Urban competition “Compostela 2000: the European City as Model” and won the Gold Medal of The Architectural Biennale in Miami Beach in 2003 in the Landscape Architecture category for the tourist empowerment and management plan of the Cave of Wonders in San Pedro de Macoris. This was followed by the first prize of in the landscape category at the Santo Domingo Architecture Biennale in 2006 and 2008. Recently, he was selected for the exhibition of “ Young Architects of Iboroamercia” in Montevideo, Uruguay.
Marcos Barinas-Uribe is currently the coordinator of the Master’s Program in Sustainable design at Universidad Iberoamericana in Santo Domingo. He is also a Profesor at Pontifica Universidad Católica Madre y Mestra.
Mr. Barinas Uribe’s presentation will be on “Landscape as a protagonist’s narrative of urban resilience”.
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Crédit photos: Image & Marketing / magazine MACAYA